If you can’t run do-release-upgrade automatically then you can download the distro info data and install like that:
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/d/distro-info-data/distro-info-data_0.60ubuntu0.5_all.deb
Install the package:
sudo dpkg -i distro-info-data_0.60ubuntu0.5_all.deb
Once the correct version (0.60ubuntu0.5) is installed, you can run the upgrade tool:
do-release-upgrade -d